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ABSTRACT
Soap is a cleansing agent. It is mostly produced from edible oils like palm oil. But the high cost of food will further increase the cost of soap. So, the usage of waste cooking oil is to reduce cost and also to curb environmental pollution. In this study, the production of soap from waste cooking oil was carried out with the presence of chemical sodium hydroxide, NaOH and extracted alkali from plantain peel via saponification process. About 50ml of waste cooking oil was reacted with 10.28ml of chemical sodium hydroxide and 40ml of waste cooking oil with 8.22ml of extracted alkali at a temperature range of (45 - 50)oC. The soap produced were analyzed by testing its hardness, moisture content, foam ability, total fatty matter, free alkaline content, pH and solubility. On analysis, the waste cooking oil revealed the following: 205.515 mg/KOH/g (saponification value); 4.44 mg/KOH/g (acid value). On analysis, the waste cooking oil soap revealed the following physicochemical properties: 2.9% (free alkaline content) which fell under the standard literature value of 5%; 13% (moisture content); 73% (total fatty matter), which is close to the accepted percentage value between (76 - 77) %; 9.0 (pH). The hardness, foamability and solubility of the soap showed a good property, hence regarded a better quality. The soap formed as a result of extracted alkali from plantain peel came out as a soft soap and creamy when tested recognizing the fact that potassium hydroxide (KOH) concentration of plantain peel is very high. These results indicate the suitability of the waste cooking oil.
