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ABSTRACT
This study investigates the effect of graded dose of Simarouba glauca administered to L-NAME Streptozotozin-induced hypertensive diabetic male Wistar rats. The plant was harvested, pulverized, extracted with Hydro-methanol and Acetone then freeze dried. The rats of wistar strain were used, they were restrained using a restrainer for three weeks, body weight and fasting blood glucose of each rat was taken on the first week of arrival and last week before they were sacrificed. The rats were divided into four groups: a normotensive control, an untreated diabetic hypertensive group, and two groups receiving treatments of acetone and hydro-methanol extract of simarouba glauca (25mg/kg body weight each). The extracts were administered orally for four weeks, before sacrifice. After sacrifice, Hematopoietic parameters were analysed for various concentration of White blood cell, Red blood cell and blood Platelet. Analysis showed significant increase in white blood cells of groups treated with Hydro-methanol 25mg/kg body weight and Acetone 25mg/kg body weight, suggesting a strong immune response. The Acetone group demonstrated a more pronounced erthropoietic effect and also a superior platelet production compared with the hydro-methanol, hypertensive/diabetic, normotesive groups. These findings suggest that both fractions of acetone and hydro-methanol extract are safe at the administered dosage, with no sign of leukocyosis, erythrocytosis, or thrombocytosis. The significant differences in hematopoietic effects between the fractions may be attributed to their phytochemical composition, the hydro-methanol fraction likely contains higher concentration of alkaloids and phenolic compounds, which enhance immune and erythropoietic functions. The acetone fraction, with balanced activity may contain flavonoids and tannis that provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits.
