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ABSTRACT
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterizes by inflammation and oxidative stress in the airways. Montelukast and Hydrocortisone are two widely prescribed medications used in the treatment of asthma. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Montelukast and Hydrocortisone on the concentration of blood and lungs antioxidants respectively in Sprague Dawley rats, and the differences in antioxidants levels. The aim was to conduct a comparative analysis of selected antioxidants in blood and lungs of asthma induced Sprague Dawley rats treated with Montelukast and Hydrocortisone. This study involved twenty (20) female Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 180-250g which were acclimatized for two (2) weeks into and randomly divided into four (4) groups: Group 1 (Control), Group 2 (Negative control), Group 3 (Montelukast group) and Group 4 (Hydrocortisone group). Group 1, 2 and 3 were sensitized with 1 mg OVA and 200 mg aluminum hydroxide dissolved in 0.9 saline and challenged with OVA (1% w/v, adsorbed in 0.9 saline) using a Medel family nebulizer. Asthma was confirmed first week after challenge in all test groups and treatment began with 5mg/kg Hydrocortisone (I.P) and 10 mg/kg Montelukast (orally). At the end of drug administration, all animals were euthanized. Blood and tissues samples were collected for biomarker assay. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance (MIXED ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s test using Graphpad Prism 10.0.3 software. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in total protein in the lungs in all groups, increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the lungs in all groups, increase in malondialdehyde in the lungs in negative control and hydrocortisone group, and decrease in glutathione in the lungs in control and negative control groups when compared to blood (p<0.5). The administration of Montelukast and Hydrocortisone reveals promising results in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, reducing oxidative stress, and normalizing certain markers of oxidative stress, such as Malondialdehyde and Glutathione levels particularly Montelukast.
