ABSTRACT

This work explores the potential of activated palm kernel shell (PKS) derived from agricultural waste. The adsorption potential of activated PKS, a carbon-rich substance obtained from biomass pyrolysis, has drawn notice because of its large surface area and porous structure.

The experimental methodology involves, the carbonization of PKS at controlled pyrolysis temperatures, followed by activation using KOH solution to enhance the surface area and porosity of the PKS and using a gas analyzer to determine flow rate. The resulting activated PKS was characterized using various techniques, such as DA method, DR method, Langmuir surface area estimation, BJH adsorption method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, to evaluate its physical and chemical properties (Bade et al.,2022).

The results demonstrated that the activated PKS derived from agricultural waste exhibited significant adsorption capacity which is  which is consistent with other studies. Also, the Langmuir surface area analysis was the best model to use as it gave the highest surface area of 870.810 m^2/g. Furthermore, the enhanced CO₂ adsorption performance of palm kernel shell is due to its larger surface area, a considerable extent of mesopores, and suitable pore width.