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ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to determine the biochemical effect of vitamin C on the Al2O3 NPs induced toxicity in the kidney of male Wistar rat. Thirty (30) healthy male Wistar rats weighing 80 – 120 g were procured from the Anatomy Department's Animal Breeding House at the University of Benin, Nigeria. The male Wistar rats were grouped randomly into five groups (n=6 each group), consisting of control (distilled water) and four (4) treatment groups. Following acclimation, the Al2O3was administered intraperitoneally to the rats for seven days, while the vitamin C was administrated orally using the gavage. The result showed that there were significant differences in oxidative stress parameters across the treatment groups (p < 0.05) compared to the control. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) value for all animal groups ranged from 1.90 U/g to 2.33 U/g. The catalase (CAT) value for all animal groups also ranged from 0.64 U/g to 0.76 U/g. The glutathione perioxide (GPx) value for all animal groups also ranged from 2.33 U/g to 2.86 U/g. while the malondialdehyde (MDA) value for all animal groups also ranged from 1.28 mol/g to 1.93 mol/g. The results also showed that there was a significant difference in biochemical assay parameters such as urea (22.00 mg/dl to 42.75 mg/dl) and creatinine (0.48 mg/dl to 0.65 mg/dl) across the treatment groups (p < 0.05) compared to the control. A significant difference of p< 0.05 was also observed in protein analysis such globulin (2.38 mg/dl to 2.58 g/dl), albumin (3.50 g/dl to 3.95 g/dl) and total protein (6.03 g/dl to 6.25 g/dl) in the treatment groups compared to the control. The findings from the study conclude that the exposure to low Al2O3 concentration can adversely affect the oxidative stress responses, biochemical assay and protein profile via oxidation and lipid peroxidation. However, the administration of vitamin C inhibited the oxidative stress damage induced by the Al2O3 NPs- in the kidney of male Wistar rat.
