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ABSTRACT
In the poultry industry, the use of water with adequate physical, chemical and microbiological quality, is of fundamental importance. Water is the most important nutrient for poultry which can be used as an electrolyte replacement therapy for birds and in treatment with drugs as well as cleaning purpose. The aim of this work is to isolate, characterize and determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Enterobacteriaceae and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli from poultry drinking water in Benin City, Edo State. A total of fifty (50) samples of poultry drinking water from chicken pens were collected from five different poultries in Benin City. The total heterotrophic bacteria count on nutrient agar and total coliform count on MacConkey agar was done using serial dilution method. Identification of bacteria isolates was done using standard cultural and biochemical method. Antibiotic sensitivity and ESBL production was carried out using disc diffusion method. The total mean heterotrophic count ranged from 0.44±0.28 ×10⁵ cfu/ml – 1.06± 0.38×10⁵ cfu/ml and total mean coliform count ranged from 2.68± 0.19×10⁴ cfu/ml– 6.48±0.72×10⁴cfu/ml. The organisms isolated include, E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter freundii, Aeromonas hydrophila and Salmonella spp. where Klebsiella oxytoca was the most predominant with a total percentage of 35(70.00%). All isolates of (E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp. and Aeromonas hydrophila ) were resistant to amoxicillin except Klebsiella oxytoca and Citrobacter freundii . Some of the isolates exhibited multi-drug resistance, with E. coli and Salmonella spp. having the highest percentage multi-drug resistant isolates (100%).The result showed that none of the E. coli isolates produced ESBL. From this study, it was observed that poultry drinking water harboured bacteria which could cause diseases such as colibacillosis and omphalitis. Therefore there is need to control the quality of water ingested by birds, to help prevent the occurrence of many diseases in birds, making the birds healthy, as well as reducing the transmission of zoonotic diseases to humans via consumption.
