ABSTRACT
Obesity paradox has been recognized in patients with renal impairment, where obesity associated nephropathy is linked with improved renal function due to anaemia Obesity is a recognized risk factor for renal impairment, yet its relationship with renal function in healthy individuals remains unclear. This study investigates the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and renal parameters, including serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and electrolytes, among apparently healthy students at the University of Benin. The study aims to determine whether variations in BMI correlate with changes in renal function and to identify potential health risks associated with abnormal BMI levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 45 undergraduate students, with data collected via questionnaires and laboratory analyses. Participants were categorized into BMI groups: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. BMI was calculated from measured weight and height. Serum creatinine, BUN, and electrolyte levels were assessed using spectrophotometric and ion-selective electrode methods. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.0, applying t-tests, Pearson’s chisquare tests, and correlation analyses. Higher BMI was associated with increased serum creatinine and urea levels and a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), Potassium: p = 0.020 (Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05),BMI against Urea: p = 0.043 (Statistically significant) suggesting a potential risk of renal impairment. However, there were no significant differences in renal parameters among BMI groups. The prevalence of obesity was 24.4%, with 46.7% classified as having normal weight. Microphotographs supported the statistical findings, illustrating variations in renal parameters across BMI categories. This study highlights the potential impact of elevated BMI on renal function in young adults. Monitoring BMI and renal parameters in apparently healthy individuals may help prevent obesity-related renal complications. Maintaining a normal BMI is recommended for optimal renal health
