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ABSTRACT
Azadirachta indica is a common medicinal plant that has significant traditional value. It is prepared as decoctions and herbal mixture for the treatment of various diseases such as uterine fibroid, malaria, diabetes, teeth pain etc. The plant was collected and authenticated in University of Benin, Benin City. This study investigates the preventive effect of ethanol extract from Azadirachta indica stem bark on MSG-induced leiomyoma. The research aims to evaluate the potential therapeutic benefits of the extract through a series of experimental procedures and analysis in mitigating the development of leiomyoma, a benign smooth muscle tumor, induced by MSG. Acute and delayed toxicity testing of the stem bark extract was done using Lorke’s method. Preventive studies (measuring total plasma cholesterol, plasma protein, plasma estradiol and plasma progesterone) using 80mg\kg, 150mg\kg and 300mg\kg doses of A. indica stem bark extract on 400mg\kg MSG- induced uterine leiomyoma in Wistar rats was conducted. Histology and biochemical studies were carried out on the uteri and blood samples respectively. Administration of MSG to the rats significantly elevated (p<0.0001) cholesterol levels. Preventive treatment (80mg\kg extract) reduced significantly (p<0.05) cholesterol and estradiol levels but the other concentrations had no effect. The lethal dose was 5000mg\kg administered orally. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of A. indica stem bark did not protect against the leiomyoma induced by the monosodium glutamate in the uterus.
