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ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease caused by an inherited or acquired deficiency in the production of insulin by the pancreas or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced and is divided into type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes. Drosophila melanogaster genome is 60% homologous to the human genome and 75% of genes causing diseases in humans are found in Drosophila. Extracts of Phyllantus amarus during several studies has shown anti hepatitis B activity, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancerous and kidney stones dissolution properties. Extracts of Phyllantus amarus during several studies has shown anti hepatitis B activity, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancerous and kidney stones dissolution properties. Researches done by Adedapo et al. (2014) and Shetti et al., (2012) has shown that phyllantus amarus extract has antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects in mice. This study therefore aimed at investigating the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of phyllantus amarus in type 2 diabetes in wild type drosophila model. Harwich strain flies (both gender, 3–5 days old) were divided into four groups containing 50 flies each. GROUP 1: Control flies were treated with basal diet; GROUP 2: Flies were fed with 30% High Sucrose Diet.; GROUP 3: Flies were fed with 30% High Sucrose Diet and Phyllantus amarus; GROUP 4: Flies were fed with 30% High Sucrose Diet and Silymarin. For biochemical assays, the experiment was set up which lasted for 7 days after which the flies were homogenized and centrifuged. The supernatant were used for the biochemical assay. Data were presented in mean +/- standard error of mean (SEM) while statistical significance was established using paired student t-test and the study provided evidencesl that phyllantus amarus extract exhibits antidiabetic activity with significant difference (p<0.05) and shows hypolipidemic potential with no significant difference in the group treated with phyllantus amarus when compared with the group fed with high sucrose diet only.
