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ABSTRACT
Diabetes, one of the common endemic disorders affecting millions of people worldwide is hallmarked by hyperglycaemia and systemic imbalances. This study investigated antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties of hydroethanol and ethylacetate extract of EC stem bark in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes wistar rat. Stem bark of EC was extracted with 80% hydroethanol (HE) and fractionated using solvent-solvent partitioning into ethyacetate (EA) and ethanol soluble fractions. The HE extract and EA fraction were used to monitor improvements in the diabetic rats. Forty-two male diabetic rats (FBS ≥ 126 mg/dL) fed high fat diet for 6 weeks, were randomized into six groups of seven animals each and seven more non-diabetic rats fed normal feed were placed in Group I as normal control. Groups II and III served as diabetic control and reference drug control groups respectively, while Groups IV - VII served as test groups. Treatments were administered in the following order; Group II (no treatment), Group III (35 mg/kg bw of metformin), Group IV (200 mg/kg bw HE), Group V (400 mg/kg bw HE), Group VI (200 mg/kg bw EA) and Group VII (400 mg/kg bw EA). The experiment was terminated after 14 days. The rats were sacrificed, blood samples taken and blood glucose levels were determined. Muscle tissues were excised and the expression of these genes (IL-1B, TNF-α and Nf-Kb) were accessed. Results from this study showed a significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose and the levels of antiinflammatory genes (IL-1B and Nf-Kb) expression in groups administered metformin, crude hydro ethanol, and ethyl acetate when compared with the diabetic control group. Therefore, this implies the potentials of EC to modulate blood glucose and anti-inflammatory genes expression in STZ-induced diabetic wistar rats.
