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ABSTRACT
Animal models are being used to provide valuable insights on the mechanism underlying physiological and pathological processes. Anaemia induced by phenyhydrazine was used to access the inflammatory response of the Ethyl Acetate (EA) extract of Harunguna madagascariensis in Albino rat. The rats were subjected to varying doses of the EA extract, and their inflammatory and antioxidant profiles were assessed through Malondialdehyde (MDA), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) assays. The rats were grouped into different control groups; Group 1- Extract treated group (200mg/kg/day orally), group (normal saline), Group 2- Anaemia +Extract Treated Group (400mg/kg/day + PHZ at 40mg/kg), Group 3 - Anaemia +Extract Treated Group (200mg/kg/day + PHZ at 40mg/kg), Group 4 – Normal control group, Group 5 - Anaemic group. Anesthesia was administered to the rats after which blood samples were collected to assess HB, MVC, WBC, PVC, platelet, and protein levels. The EA extract demonstrated a significant capacity to modulate key inflammatory and antioxidant markers in Albino rats. MDA concentrations in extract-treated Albino rat groups were substantially reduced compared to the negative control, with a mean reduction of 0.99 nmol/ml (p < 0.001). Furthermore, it exhibited significantly increased Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) activity, safeguarding cellular integrity against oxidative damage, with a mean elevation of 33.95 nM/min (p < 0.001). The extract's capacity to mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress in Albino rats holds promise for the development of novel therapies. These significant results emphasize the importance of naturederived remedies in addressing inflammatory disorders, both in Albino rat models and potentially in clinical applications.
