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ABSTRACT
A large portion of the world population, especially in developing countries depend on traditional system of medicine for treatment of a variety of diseases. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of Haronga (Harungana madagascariensis EA) extract on phenylhydrazine induced anaemia on wistar albino rat. The stem back of H. madagascariensis was extracted using a Soxhlet extractor in ethyl acetate. Phenyl hydrazine (PHZ) solution was administered to the rats to induce anaemia. The groups of rats that were treated with the extract were orally given a mixture that contains Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), water and the extract to serve as cytoprotective agents for cells and tissues. The rats are divided into 5 groups; the extract only treated group 1 received extract only at 200mg/kg/day orally, group 2 is the anaemia + extract treated group (H.D) which received extract at 400mg/kg/day, group 3 are the anaemia + extract treated group (L.D) which received extract at 200mg/kg/day, group 4 was the control group which received normal rat chow tap water, and group 5 was the anaemic but not treated control. Haematological analysis was carried out on blood samples collected from rats and serum levels of Catalase, Superoxidedimutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde concentration (MDA) was gotten using the serum of all the animals respectively. The administration of the Haronga (H.madagascariensis) extract evoked a significant (p<0.5) increase in the Haematological parameters. While group 5 has anaemic Haematological characteristics, group 2 and 3 has increased Haematological parameters (Hb is 15.75±0.21g/dL and 15.85±0.43g/dL respectively), more than the group 1 and 4 with comparable characteristics (Hb is 14.57±0.12g/dL and 14.48±0.29g/dL respectively). The study reveals that 400mg/kg/day (group 2) dose of Haronga extract has better effectiveness than 200mg/kg/day same extract (group 3). Also, from the results of this study, it is advisable to avoid Haronga extract generally if non-anaemic. Conclusively, a dose between 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of Haronga (H.madagascariensis) extract will have anti-inflammatory properties that will be more effective in the treating of anaemia. Further studies should focus on concentration of 250 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 350 mg/kg to arrive at a best fit for the treatment of anaemia.
