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ABSTRACT
This study employs the Embedded Atom Method (EAM), a powerful computational modeling approach, to evaluate the surface energies and the formation energies of vacancies and divacancies in face-centered cubic (FCC) metals, specifically copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and platinum (Pt). By capitalizing on the EAM, the energetic costs associated with creating single and double vacancies and detailed profiles of surface energies across various crystallographic orientations for these metals were calculated. The calculated values are compared with available experimental data and previous theoretical studies to validate the accuracy and reliability of the EAM potentials used