ABSTRACT
According the World health organization (WHO 2004), fifty million persons were injured in motor vehicle collisions. In 2013, between 1.25 million and 1.4 million people were killed in traffic collisions, up from 1.1 million deaths in 1990. That number represents about 2.5% of all deaths. Approximately 50 million additional people were injured in traffic collisions, a number unchanged from 2004.
This work is an analysis of the effect of speed bump in reduction of accident rate on major crossings and highways. For the purpose of this project, data of three routes with installed speed bumps were studied, a speed bump on the Oluku – Benin Township road, and two speed bumps on the Benin – Ore road. Data on the monthly accident count at these speed bumps and average travel speed, spanning a few years before and after installment until date,were obtained from the Federal Road Safety Corps, RS5.16 Uwan-Esigie Unit Command, Benin Bypass, Edo State and Federal Road Safety Corps, RS5.12 Benin - Tollgate Unit Command, Edo State. The data provided are with respect routes where speed bumps were installed.
Using regression model, the relationship Y = -3.1521 + 0.1X was obtained as the most suitable with a correlation coefficient of 0.52 (a moderate positive relationship or correlation). Where Y is the expected accident count per month and X is the average speed on route. Therefore, this relationship can be used in calculating for accident rate based expected average speed after installation. Nilsson’s method was also used to show the effectiveness of these speed bumps in reducing accident rate in percentage. From the Table 4.3.1 we see that an accident rate reduction of up to 89%, 86%, 84% by the installation of speed bump on a highway is theoretically achievable.
Careful manipulation and analysis of the given data sample reveals that speed bumps are an effective way to curb accident and improve the safety of civilians and it could be effective in curbing accident on the highway as well.
