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ABSTRACT
The concentration of hydroquinone in different locally available soap brands within Ekosodin Community, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria was studied. Ten samples were purchased locally and the concentration of hydroquinone in each of the sample was extracted using standard methods. A seven point calibration curve of standard solution was prepared and the concentration of hydroquinone present was determined using a UV spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 302 nm. Results obtained revealed a hydroquinone concentrations ranged of 0.0047% to 0.0464%, with Clear and Smooth soap having the highest concentration (0.0464%) while Classic White soap reported the lowest (0.0047%). Comparison of the results obtained with the regulatory level revealed they were all below the acceptable limit of 2% as set by National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and European Medicines Agency (EMA). Although the concentrations were below acceptable limits, the presence of hydroquinone in these products raises concerns about long-term exposure risks,
This study recommends stricter regulations, clearer labeling, standardized formulations, and consumer education on hydroquinone use. Further research should assess cumulative exposure risks and explore safer skin-lightening alternatives.
