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Dosing of experimental animals is necessary for a variety of scientific investigations and to meet regulatory demands. The pharmaceutical industry, in particular , has investigated the levels of dosing compatible with animal welfare and valid science (Hull, 1995).
In the preclinical stage of the safety evaluation of new drugs, it is normal to practise to use multiples of the effective dose in order to attempt to establish the necessary safety margins.
The three R's called Replacement of animal, refinement of procedures and Reduction to the minimum number, are also necessary.
