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The study of superconductors, its concept and the various theories are still a mystery in the field of Solid-State Physics. This project work brings all in one piece, the various principle and theories as derived by some renowned scientist working to ensure full understanding in this area of physics. It is believed that High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) i.e. superconductors with considerable high critical temperature hold the key to the practical application of super conductors. This is the reason for the determination of energy gap in electron-doped (HTS) Pr1.85Ce0.15CuO4 using optical properties.
The optical properties of single crystal Pr1.85Ce0.15CuO4 have been measured over a wide frequency range above and below the critical temperature (Tc ≃ 20 K). In the normal state the coherent part of the conductivity is described by the Drude model, from which the scattering rate just above Tc determined to be 1/τ ≃ 80 cm-1 .The condition that ¯h/τ ≈ 2kBT near Tc appears to be a general result in many of the cuprate superconductors. Below Tc the formation of a superconducting energy gap is clearly visible in the reflectance, from which the gap maximum is estimated to be ∆0 ≃ 35 cm−1 (4.3 meV). The ability to observe the superconducting energy gap in the optical properties favors the non-monotonic over the monotonic description of the d-wave gap. The penetration depth for T ≪ Tc is λ ≃ 2000A° which when taken with the estimated value for the dc conductivity just above Tc of σdc ≃ 35 × 103 Ω-1 Cm-1 places this material on the general scaling line for the cuprates defined by 1/λ2 ∝ σdc(T ≃ Tc) · Tc. These results are consistent with the observation that 1/τ ≈ 2∆0, which implies that the material is not in the clean limit.
